Cacti are unique and low-maintenance plants that are well-suited for both indoor and outdoor environments. Proper care of cacti involves paying attention to factors like light, water, soil, temperature, and occasional maintenance.
- Light: Cacti need plenty of bright, indirect sunlight. Place them near a south or west-facing window for optimal light exposure. Outdoor cacti should be in a location with similar lighting conditions.
- Watering: Cacti are drought-tolerant and prefer to dry out between waterings. Water sparingly, allowing the soil to become nearly dry before watering again. Water less frequently during the dormant winter months. Overwatering can lead to root rot.
- Soil: Use a well-draining cactus mix or create your own by adding sand or perlite to regular potting soil. Well-draining soil prevents water from sitting around the roots.
- Pot: Choose a pot with drainage holes to ensure excess water can escape. Terra cotta pots are a good choice because they allow for moisture evaporation.
- Temperature: Cacti generally prefer warm temperatures. They can tolerate a range of temperatures, but be cautious of extreme cold. In cold climates, bring outdoor cacti indoors during the winter.
- Fertilizing: Fertilize cacti with a diluted, balanced, or low-nitrogen fertilizer during the growing season (spring and summer) about once a month. Reduce or cease fertilizing in the winter.
- Pruning: Cacti usually require minimal pruning. However, you can remove dead or damaged sections with clean, sharp pruning shears.
- Pests and Diseases: Keep an eye out for common pests like mealybugs and spider mites. Treat infestations promptly with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot, one of the most common cactus problems.
- Repotting: Cacti prefer to be slightly root-bound. Repot them only when they've outgrown their current container, typically every 2-3 years.
- Handling: Be careful when handling cacti as their spines can be sharp and painful. Use tongs or wear gloves when necessary.