Common cattail (Typha latifolia) is a perennial wetland plant known for its distinctive cylindrical flower spikes and long, narrow leaves. It typically grows in dense colonies along the edges of ponds, lakes, and marshes. The plant can reach heights of 3 to 10 feet (0.9 to 3 meters), with the flower spikes extending slightly above the foliage. These flower spikes consist of dense, brownish cylindrical structures that resemble a hot dog on a stick.
- Size: Common cattails can grow anywhere from 3 to 10 feet tall, depending on growing conditions and habitat. The plant can spread vigorously through its rhizomatous roots, forming dense colonies over time.
- Light: Prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
- Water: Thrives in wet or marshy conditions and can tolerate both standing water and periodic flooding.
- Soil: Adaptable to various soil types, including clay, sand, and loam, as long as they are consistently moist.
- Maintenance: Generally low-maintenance once established. Remove dead foliage and flower spikes as needed to maintain tidy appearance. Control spread by dividing clumps or installing barriers to contain rhizomes.
- Propagation: Propagate through division of rhizomes in early spring or by collecting and planting seeds in moist soil.
- Pests and Diseases: Generally resistant to pests and diseases, but may attract aphids, caterpillars, and other insects. Watch for signs of infestation and treat accordingly.
- Winter Care: Hardy in USDA zones 3-10. No special winter care required, though protecting young plants from frost may be beneficial in colder regions.